低分子肝素钙治疗肺心病并呼吸衰竭的临床价值研究

目的探讨肺源性心脏病(肺心病)并呼吸衰竭患者运用低分子肝素钙进行治疗的临床应用价值。方法72例肺心病并呼吸衰竭患者,应用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组36例。对照组患者采取常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组上采用低分子肝素钙治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后动脉血气指标[氧分压(PaO2)、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)及酸碱度(pH)值]及治疗效果。结果治疗前,两组患者的PaO2、PaCO2、pH值水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的PaO2(9.36±1.02)kPa明显高于对照组的(7.78±0.98)kPa,PaCO2(6.33±0.97)kPa明显低于对照组的(7.65±1.28)kPa,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者pH值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者总有效率为97.22%,显著高于对照组的83.33%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对肺心病并呼吸衰竭患者运用低分子肝素钙进行治疗,可有效改善患者的血气指标,提高治疗效果,具有较高的临床价值。     

健脾生血片治疗慢性心力衰竭伴贫血的临床效果

目的:探索健脾生血片治疗慢性心力衰竭伴贫血的疗效、安全性和作用机制。方法:选取2016年5月至2017年2月同济医院收治的慢性心力衰竭贫血患者144例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组72例。观察组给予健脾生血片治疗,3片/次,3次/d,疗程3个月;对照组给予生血宝合剂治疗,15 m L/次,3次/d,3个月为1个疗程。比较2组患者治疗前与治疗后血红蛋白、红细胞计数、网织红细胞、血清铁、转铁蛋白饱和度、血清铁蛋白、血清铁调素(Hepcidin)、血清IL-1β、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、6 min步行距离、明尼苏达心力衰竭生命质量量表(MLHFQ)和不良事件。并随访2组心血管事件次数,住院次数与全因死亡率。结果:观察组72例患者完成了前3个月的治疗,随访期间脱失2例;对照组治疗期间1例患者退出研究,随访期间脱失4例。2组一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05),具有可比性。观察组贫血有效率98. 6%,对照组有效率11. 3%,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。治疗后观察组红细胞计数和网织红细胞、均显著高于对照组(P 0. 05)。观察组血清铁、转铁蛋白饱和度水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05),但血清铁调素水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05),血清铁蛋白水平2组差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。观察组IL-1β、血清TNF-α、血清CRP均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。观察组LVEF、6 min步行距离、明尼苏达心力衰竭生命质量量表(MLHFQ)均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。2组不良事件总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05),但对照组4例患者出现血清肌酐、尿素氮水平异常,发生率高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。经1年随访,观察组心血管事件人均发生次数显著少于对照组(P 0. 05),但2组住院次数和全因死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:健脾生血片可有效治疗心力衰竭伴贫血,减少心血管发生次数,并且安全性良好,其作用机制与提供准确足量铁元素、抑制铁调素表达,抑制慢性炎性反应有关。     

周晓虹教授治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎经验总结

周晓虹教授认为脾胃亏虚是慢性萎缩性胃炎发病的病机关键,而寒凝、气郁、血瘀及湿阻等则是重要的发病因素,采用健脾益气的方法治疗主证,兼用温阳、理气、活血、化湿等方法治疗兼证,同时结合辨病,宏观与微观互参,可以收到满意的疗效。     

Outcome of Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia With FLT3-ITD Mutation: The Experience of Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 2007-17

IntroductionThe presence of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with high rates of induction failure and worse survival. Its presence places the patient into a high-risk group. We aimed to describe the outcome of pediatric AML with FLT3-ITD mutation.Patients and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of cases of AML from July 2007 till July 2017 at Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt.ResultsSeventy-one patients had FLT3 gene mutation out of 687 patients with AML. Sixty-five patients had FLT3 gene mutation with allelic ratio > 0.4; 43 (66.1%) of 65 patients experienced complete remission (CR). Of the 43 patients, 16 patients maintained CR, 18 patients relapsed after first CR, 8 patients died, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. Patients with relapsing disease died after salvage chemotherapy, except for one patient, who was alive after second CR. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) was performed for 9 (13.8%) of 65 patients in first CR, of whom 8 were alive and in CR, and 1 patient experienced disease relapse and died. Seven patients (10.7%) were alive without allo-BMT. Three years’ overall and event-free survival for patients with FLT3-ITD mutation with high allelic ratio was 26.9% and 22.8%, respectively. Three years’ overall and event-free survival for patients treated with allo-BMT was 77.8% and 78.8%, respectively, versus patients treated without allo-BMT, 16.3% and 12.8%, respectively.ConclusionFLT3-ITD mutation in pediatric AML was associated with poor treatment outcomes, and the survival of relapsing patients was extremely poor. Allo-BMT in first remission was the best treatment option. Alternative donor transplants and FLT3 inhibitors are needed to improve outcome in developing countries.     

抗阻训练联合家居康复护理在发育性髋关节不良中的应用

目的探究与分析Thera-Band渐进抗阻训练联合家居康复护理对发育性髋关节不良术后患儿髋关节功能的促进效果。方法选取医院自2016年12月—2018年12月收治的发育性髋关节不良手术患儿68例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组各34例,两组均给予常规护理,对照组给予Thera-Band渐进抗阻训练,观察组在对照组基础上给予家居康复护理,对比两组患儿术后不同时间点Harris评分以及患儿家属发育性髋关节不良的健康教育知晓情况。结果两组患儿出院后1个月、出院后3个月的Harris评分明显高于出院时,观察组较对照组相比Harris评分改善更加显著,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组相比家属发育性髋关节不良情况健康教育知晓评分较高,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Thera-Band渐进抗阻训练联合家居康复护理进一步的提高了患儿髋关节功能功能,也在护理工作中促进提高了患儿家属对发育性髋关节不良的健康教育知晓情况,更好的发挥了辅助效果。     

加强术前专科健康教育在先天性心脏病患儿家属中的应用

目的探究分析加强术前专科健康教育对先天性心脏病手术患儿家属健康相关坚韧性及希望指数的影响。方法选取2015年6月-2019年6月期间来院就诊的先天性心脏病患儿家属74例作为临床研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组两组,各37例,对照组患儿家属给予常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上加用加强术前专科健康教育,对比两组患儿家属行不同干预前后Herth希望指数量表(herth hope index,HHI)、健康相关坚韧性量表(health-related hardinessScale,HRHS)以及对护理工作的满意度。结果行不同干预后,两组患儿家属现实和未来积极态度、采取积极的行动、与他人保持密切关系以及希望总分等HHI量表各项评分均明显升高(P<0.05),控制量表、承担量表、挑战量表及坚韧性评分等HRHS量表各项评分均明显提高(P<0.05),且同期观察组患儿家属上述评分均明显优于对照组患儿家属(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组相比患儿家属对护理工作的满意度较高,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强术前专科健康教育能够有效的提高先天性心脏病患儿家属健康相关坚韧性及希望水平,提高患儿家属对护理工作的满意度。     

非布司他治疗慢性肾脏病伴高尿酸血症的临床效果分析

目的对非布司他治疗慢性肾脏病伴高尿酸血症的临床效果进行研究.方法46例慢性肾脏病伴高尿酸血症患者,随机分为常规组与科研组,各23例.常规组采用别嘌醇片治疗,科研组采用非布司他治疗.比较两组治疗前后尿酸、血尿素氮、血肌酐水平及药物不良反应发生情况.结果治疗后,科研组血尿酸、血尿素氮及血肌酐水平分别为(290.92±59.12)μmmol/L、(13.06±5.23)mmol/L、(269.12±52.42)μmmol/L,低于常规组的(520.81±60.14)μmmol/L、(15.81±5.73)mmol/L、(293.34±56.18)μmmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).科研组药物不良反应发生率4.35%低于常规组的43.48%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论慢性肾脏病伴高尿酸血症采用非布司他进行治疗,能够明显降低患者的尿酸、血尿素氮、血肌酐水平,不良反应少,安全性高,疗效确切.     

丹参川芎嗪治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨丹参川芎嗪治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)心绞痛的疗效。方法:选择住院治疗的冠心病心绞痛患者120例,随机分为观察组60例及对照组60例。对照组接受临床常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上加入丹参川芎嗪治疗,均治疗2周。治疗2周后评估两组患者的临床症状变化情况,应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪检测心功能参数,抽取外周静脉血检测一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide,NO)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1,PAI-1)含量。结果:治疗2周后,两组的临床症状、心功能参数、NO、PAI-1含量均较治疗前优化(P<0.05)。其中观察组的心绞痛发作次数、单次发作持续时间少于对照组,疼痛程度轻于对照组(P<0.05);超声心电图参数左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)水平低于对照组,左室射血分数(LVEF)水平高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组PAI-1水平下降,NO水平升高。结论:丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效确切,在缓解心绞痛症状、改善心功能、微循环方面具有优势。     

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) during COVID-19 pandemic-insights from South India

AimThis retrospective study compares admissions and outcomes due to acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) during the COVID-19 pandemic from 25 March to 25 July 2020 with the historical patient control who were admitted during the same period in 2019.Methods and resultsData of the participating hospitals was collected and analysed from the ICC NHFR (Indian College of Cardiology National Heart Failure Registry) for 2019 and 2020. Total number of ADHF admissions, demographics, aetiology, co-morbid conditions and in-hospital mortality was compared and analysed. A significant decrease in the number of hospital admissions due to ADHF from 2019 to 2020 (1056 vs. 526 respectively) was noted. Incidence of admissions with <40% ejection fraction (EF) reduced in 2020 (72.4% and 80.2% in2020 and 2019)and >40% (EF) increased (27.6% and 19.8% in 2019 and 2020 respectively, p = 0.0005). Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was the most common aetiology (78.59% in 2019 and 80.98% in 2020, p = 0.268). The in-hospital mortality was numerically higher in 2020 (10%) than in 2019 (8%), but not statistically significant (p = 0.161).ConclusionThis study from the registry shows that the incidence of ADHF admissions during COVID-19 lockdown significantly reduced compared to the previous year. Demographic patterns remained similar but patients presenting with de-novo HF increased; IHD was the most common cause. The in-hospital mortality was numerically higher during the lockdown. The impact of lockdown perhaps led to fewer hospitalisations and this is to be factored in future strategies to address health care delivery during such crises.